Headaches After C-section: Causes & Treatments

After the incredible journey of childbirth, experiencing headaches can feel like an unexpected hurdle. Postpartum headaches are quite common and typically occur in the first six weeks after delivery. Whether you had a vaginal birth or a C-section, these headaches can affect any new mother. However, for mums recovering from a C-section, certain factors, like the effects of surgery, might make them more likely.

For many mothers, postpartum headaches may feel like a dull ache or sharp, throbbing pain. They can range from mild discomfort to something more intense. While they’re usually not a cause for concern, these headaches can feel overwhelming, especially when you’re also navigating the joys and challenges of early motherhood.

Don’t worry, you’re not alone; as many as 39% ¹ of new mothers experience headaches during this time. Recognising the signs and understanding the causes can help you manage them confidently and with ease.

Some common symptoms of postpartum headaches include:

• A sense of pressure or throbbing in the head.

• Tightness or stiffness in the neck or shoulders.

• Pain that worsens when sitting or standing is often linked to spinal headaches.

• Increased sensitivity to light or sound.

By identifying these symptoms early, you can take steps to find relief and know when it’s time to reach out for support. Remember, your well-being matters just as much as your baby’s

Postpartum headaches can take you by surprise, but understanding why they happen can make them feel less daunting. These headaches occur for various reasons, some directly linked to the changes and challenges your body faces after childbirth. 

Here are some of the most common causes:

• Hormonal Changes: after giving birth, your body experiences a drop in hormones like oestrogen and progesterone. This sudden shift can sometimes trigger headaches, especially during the early postpartum weeks. These changes are completely natural but can leave you feeling a little off balance.

• Spinal or epidural anaesthesia: if you had a C-section, spinal or epidural anaesthesia might have been part of your delivery. Occasionally, this can lead to what’s called a ‘spinal headache’. This happens if there’s a small leak of spinal fluid at the injection site, causing pressure changes in your brain. These headaches tend to feel worse when sitting or standing but improve when lying down.

• Dehydration: labour, delivery and recovery can drain you of many fluids. If you’re not drinking enough water, dehydration can set in and cause headaches. Staying hydrated is especially important if you’re breastfeeding, as this can further increase your fluid needs.

• Lack of sleep and exhaustion: caring for a newborn is rewarding, but it’s also exhausting. Sleep deprivation and physical fatigue can take a toll on your body, leading to tension headaches or making existing headaches worse.

• Stress or emotional changes: adjusting to life with a new baby is both exciting and overwhelming. Emotional highs and lows, combined with the demands of motherhood, can cause stress-related headaches. Remember, it’s okay to ask for help when you need it.

• Pre-existing conditions: if you’ve had migraines or high blood pressure before pregnancy, these conditions might resurface or worsen postpartum. Additionally, some women experience postpartum preeclampsia, a condition involving high blood pressure after delivery, which can cause severe headaches.

By understanding these causes, you can take steps to address your postpartum headaches with confidence and care. Remember, every mother’s recovery journey is unique, and there’s no ‘one-size-fits-all’ explanation or solution. Listening to your body is key.

When postpartum headaches strike, finding relief quickly is important, especially while recovering from childbirth. Fortunately, there are several treatments available that are safe for new mothers, including those who are breastfeeding. 

• Over-the-counter pain relief: medications like paracetamol or ibuprofen are generally safe for nursing mothers and can help reduce headache pain. However, it’s always a good idea to check with your doctor before taking any medication to ensure it’s appropriate for your specific situation.

• Treating spinal headaches: if your headache is caused by spinal or epidural anaesthesia, your healthcare provider might recommend a procedure called a ‘blood patch’. This involves injecting a small amount of your blood into the spinal area to seal any leaks. It’s highly effective for relieving spinal headaches. You can consult your healthcare professional for more information.

• Managing dehydration: headaches caused by dehydration are often resolved by replenishing lost fluids. Drinking plenty of water, electrolyte-rich drinks or even warm herbal teas can make a significant difference. If needed, your healthcare team can also place an intravenous drip to restore fluid levels quickly. Don’t hesitate to ask for help at the hospital if you’re struggling—they’re there to support your recovery.

• Rest and recovery: sometimes, the best treatment is simply giving yourself time to rest. Lying down in a quiet, dark room can alleviate tension headaches and allow your body to recharge.

• Addressing underlying conditions: if your headaches are related to high blood pressure or other health issues, your doctor may prescribe medications or recommend treatments to manage these conditions safely during the postpartum period.

These treatments focus on addressing the underlying causes of the headache while ensuring your recovery stays on track.

If you’re looking for gentle, at-home remedies to ease your headaches, natural solutions can be a wonderful complement to medical treatments. These approaches focus on holistic, non-invasive methods to provide comfort and relief.

• Stay hydrated: as we’ve already said, proper hydration is essential for preventing and alleviating headaches. We cannot stress how important it is to drink plenty of water throughout the day. You can also consider coconut water or herbal teas if you need a little variety.

• Use warm or cold compresses: a warm compress on your neck and shoulders can help ease tension headaches, while a cold compress on your forehead may reduce throbbing pain. Choose what feels most soothing to you.

• Gentle massages: a light head, neck, or shoulder massage can work wonders in releasing tension and improving circulation. Ask a loved one to help or try a simple self-massage.

• Deep breathing or relaxation exercises: practices like deep breathing, mindfulness or meditation can help lower stress levels, which often contribute to headaches. Just a few minutes a day can make a big difference.

• Eat balanced meals: low blood sugar can trigger headaches, so it’s important to eat regular, nourishing meals. To keep your energy stable, incorporate whole grains, fresh fruit, vegetables and protein-rich foods.

• Create a calming environment: if bright lights or loud noises worsen your headache, take a moment to rest in a quiet, dimly lit space. Even a short break can help your body relax.

Natural remedies can be a gentle and effective way to manage postpartum headaches while supporting overall recovery. Every small step toward self-care is a step towards feeling better. These tips, combined with the love and support from those around you, can make all the difference as you embrace the beautiful journey of motherhood.

While postpartum headaches are often manageable with rest, hydration and natural remedies, there are times when it’s important to seek medical advice. Certain symptoms can indicate a more serious condition that requires professional care. Knowing when to call your doctor can help ensure your recovery is safe and smooth.

• Severe or persistent headaches: if your headache is extremely painful or doesn’t improve with rest, hydration or medication, it’s a good idea to speak with your doctor. Persistent pain can sometimes signal an underlying issue that needs attention.

• Vision changes: blurred vision, sensitivity to light or seeing flashes or spots can be warning signs of high blood pressure or other complications.

• High blood pressure symptoms: postpartum preeclampsia, a condition that involves high blood pressure after delivery, can cause severe headaches, nausea or swelling in your hands and feet. This condition requires immediate medical attention.

• Nausea, vomiting or confusion: accompanying symptoms like nausea, vomiting or difficulty concentrating might indicate a more serious problem, such as a migraine or a blood clot.

• Headaches after spinal anaesthesia: if you had a C-section and suspect a spinal headache (pain that worsens when sitting up and improves when lying down), let your doctor know. Treatments like a blood patch can provide relief.

Most of all, trust yourself. As a new mother, you know your body better than anyone. If something doesn’t feel right or you’re unsure about your symptoms, it’s always better to seek advice from your healthcare provider. Reaching out early can give you peace of mind and ensure you’re on the path to full recovery. Your health and well-being are just as important as your baby’s.